Rarely causes disease unless the individual is immunosuppressed (has poor immune response), e.g., in AIDS, in which case it can cause serious disease, e.g., CMV retinitis.ĭiabetic retinopathy (ret-in-AHP-uh-thee). Large virus commonly present in the urinary tract. Specific cause is unknown.Ĭytomegalovirus (CMV) (SI-toh-meg-al-oh-VI-rus). Frequently occurs to some extent after cataract surgery. Retinal swelling and cyst formation in the macular area usually results in temporary decrease in vision, though may be permanent. May be normal or abnormal.Ĭystoid macular edema (CME) (SIS-toyd MAK-yu-lur). Thin walled sac, usually containing a liquid or a semisolid. Assessment of an eye's refractive error after lens accommodation has been paralyzed with cycloplegic eye drops (to eliminate variability in optical power caused by a contracting lens).Ĭyst. May be caused by bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.Ĭycloplegic refraction. Associated with inflammatory cells in the cornea and anterior chamber. Area of epithelial tissue loss from the corneal surface. Small plastic disc containing optical correction, worn on the cornea or sclera as substitute for eyeglasses.Ĭorneal ulcer. Distance between an extraocular muscle's initial point of contact with the sclera and its true insertion on the eyeball.Ĭontact lens. Usually viral in origin may be contagious.Ĭontact arc, arc of contact. Characterized by discharge, grittiness, redness and swelling. Inflammation of the conjunctiva (mucus membrane that covers white of eye and inner eyelid surfaces). Forms part of the uvea, along with the ciliary body and iris.Ĭonjunctivitis (kun-junk-tih-VI-tis), "pink eye." Pathologic Condition. Provides nourishment to outer layers of the retina. Vascular (major blood vessel) layer of the eye lying between the retina and sclera. Plural: chalazia.Ĭhoroid (KOR-oyd), Anatomy. Inflammation usually subsides, but may need surgical removal. Inflamed lump in a meibomian gland (in the eyelid). May be congenital or caused by trauma, disease, or age.Ĭhalazion (kuh-LAY-zee-un). Surgical removal of lens may be necessary if visual loss becomes significant, with lost optical power replaced with an intraocular lens, contact lens or aphakic spectacles. Opacity or cloudiness of the crystalline lens, which may prevent a clear image from forming on the retina. Tissue of potentially unlimited growth that expands locally by invasion, and throughout the body by metastasis.Ĭataract. Many causes, e.g., infection, allergy.Ĭancer, malignant lesion. Inflammation of the eyelids, usually with redness, swelling and itching. Eyeglasses that incorporate two different powers in each lens, usually for near and distance corrections.īlepharitis (blef-uh-RI-tus). Soft contact lens with no refractive power, used for protecting damaged or irregular corneal surfaces.īifocals. Corrected by a cylindrical (toric) eyeglass or contact lens.īandage lens. Usually results from corneal asphericity. Instead, light rays form two focal lines separated by a focal zone. Light rays entering the eye are bent unequally by different meridians, with maximum and minimum powers 90 degrees to one another, which prevents formation of sharp point focus on the retina. Optical defect in which refractive power is not uniform in all directions (meridians). Fluid-filled space inside the eye between the iris and the innermost corneal surface (endothelium).Īstigmatism (uh-STIG-muh-tiz-um). Usually uncorrectable by optical means (e.g., eyeglasses).Īnterior chamber (AC). Decreased vision in one or both eyes without detectable anatomic damage in the eye or visual pathways. The discharge contains a large number of white blood cells (eosinophils).Īmblyopia (am-blee-OH-pee-uh), "lazy eye." Functional Defect. Characterized by discharge, itching, irritation, swelling, tearing, redness, and light sensitivity. Hypersensitivity of the conjunctiva (membrane covering white of eyes and inner lids) to foreign substances. Most common cause of decreased vision after age 60.Īllergic conjunctivitis. Two general types: "dry," which is usually evident as a disturbance of macular pigmentation and deposits of yellowish material under the pigment epithelial layer in the central retinal zone "wet," (sometimes called Kuhnt-Junius disease) in which abnormal new blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid and blood further disturbing macular function. Group of conditions that include deterioration of the macula, resulting in a loss of sharp central vision. Scraped area of corneal surface accompanied by loss of superficial tissue (epithelium).Īge-related macular degeneration (AMD, ARMD) (MAK-yu-lur), macular (or) senile macular degeneration. The Eye Medical Center is happy to provide you with a list of terms in order for you to keep informed.Ībrasion, corneal abrasion.
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